Why Recurring Revenue Will Help Increase The Value Of Your Business
Have You Discovered Your Recurring Revenue Model?
When it comes to the value of your business, what happened in the past is much less important than what is likely to happen in the future.
One of the most important ways you can shape the future of your business is to create some recurring revenue. Recurring revenue comes from those magical sales you make without really trying. Good examples of recurring revenue models include ongoing service contracts, subscriptions, and memberships – basically any sale situation the customer has to proactively opt out of, instead of in to.
Recurring revenue is critical for the value of just about any small business, and it is equally import for the world’s largest businesses.
Why ICD bought Porto Montenegro
If you’re looking for a fun example of why recurring revenue matters, take a look at The Investment Corporation of Dubai (ICD) and their acquisition of Porto Montenegro Marina and Resort. If you happen to be the heir to a European royal dynasty or are a Silicon Valley billionaire, you’ve probably parked your boat in Porto Montenegro (ok that’s maybe not too may of us). Along with 450 berths for the world’s largest super yachts, there’s a 5 star hotel, ultra exclusive residential properties and 250 high-end boutiques to indulge just about any fancy.
Porto Montenegro is the brainchild of Peter Munk, who is best known as the founder of Barrick Gold Corp. Munk fell in love with the natural beauty of the Adriatic coastline and saw an opportunity to buy an old naval ship yard and transform it into one of the world’s most exclusive travel destinations.
So why on earth would ICD, the principle investment arm of the Dubai government, be interested in buying a glorified parking lot in the middle of an old naval base?
Well it turns out that super yachts need a lot of regular maintenance. In fact, the average super-yacht owner spends 10% of its value every year on repairs and maintenance. ICD wanted the steady flow of recurring revenue from maintenance contracts with the well-heeled owners who moored their yacht at Porto Montenegro.
Tomorrow vs. Yesterday
Porto Montenegro is a billion-dollar reminder that recurring revenue is important for large companies, but creating an annuity stream can be even more important for smaller businesses. It can be tempting to celebrate the large project wins or a big sale to a one-off customer, but when it comes to valuing your business, acquirers may discount those as aberrations and focus on the steady flow of your recurring business.
There are a number of “recurring revenue models” that may be of value to your business. To learn more about increasing the value of your business and The Value Builder System click here.
Read MoreDangers In Forming A Company Without Advising An Attorney
SECURITIES ISSUES FOR STARTUPS: CALIFORNIA LIMITED FILING EXEMPTION NOTICE
There are many dangers in forming a company without advising an attorney, such as failing to file a securities registration exemption with the California Department of Business Oversight (DBO) and federal Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The most common California exemption is the Limited Offering Exemption Notice (LOEN) under Corporations Code § 25102(f). This exemption is available if (a) the securities are sold to no more than 35 persons, (b) all purchasers have a preexisting personal or business relationship with the offeror or company (and other owners of the company), (c) all purchasers are not purchasing the security with a view to sell or distribute the security, and (d) the offer and sale are not accomplished by publication of any advertisement. Failure to file a LOEN within 15 calendar days from issuance of the securities may result in legal action from the Commissioner of Business Oversight, including civil penalties. Securities are typical considered issued upon the earlier of actual issuance, formation of your LLC or corporation, or execution of the Operating Agreement or Bylaws.
California law and the SEC clearly define a security as stock, so when forming a corporation, a LOEN must be filed. Despite federal law not specifically mentioning LLC membership interests, LLC interests are still subject to the federal Securities Act of 1933 because they are considered investment contracts (securities). The federal case SEC v. Howey, 328 U.S. 293 (1946) illustrates, “[a]n investment contract…means a contract, transaction or scheme whereby a person invests his money in a common enterprise and is led to expect profits solely from the efforts of the promoter or third party.” Corporations Code § 25019 reiterates this, indicating a “security” is any interest in an LLC “…except a membership interest in [an LLC] in which the person claiming this exception can prove that all of the members are actively engaged in the management of the [LLC].” English translation: LLC membership interests may be investment contracts, and therefore securities, when all members of an LLC are not involved in the management (the same is true for limited partnership interests). In this case, a registration exemption must be filed.
Besides California securities registration exemptions, registering the securities under the Securities Act of 1933 may be necessary. However, most securities issued upon the formation of a company are exempt from Regulation D of the Securities Act. A discussion of the federal securities registration exemptions is outside the scope of this material.
You should avoid the many pitfalls of using LegalZoom or any other service to form your company, and failing to file a securities registration exemption is one of many. If you have any questions about securities or entity formation issues, please do not hesitate to contact the Law Offices of Tyler Q. Dahl for a free consultation. 333 University Ave, Suite 200, Sacramento, CA 95825, 916-565-7455
Disclaimer: This material was prepared for general informational purposes only, and is not intended to create an attorney-client relationship and does not constitute legal advice. This material should not be used as a substitute for obtaining legal advice from an attorney licensed or authorized to practice in your jurisdiction. You should always consult a qualified attorney regarding any specific legal problem or matter.
Content provided by Law Offices of Tyler Q. Dahl
Read MoreBizBuySell’s Demographics of U.S. Small Business Buyers & Sellers
BizBuySell.com just released a special report from a survey with over 1700 small business sellers and 1300 prospective buyers. The report takes an in-depth look at the current small business for sale market including age, gender, ethnicity, motivations, military experience and more. Below are a few of the highlights from the report.
Sellers
- 49 percent of sellers plan to exit their small businesses in the next five years, but only 29 percent are currently prepared for the sale process.
- The number one motivation for purchasing a small business is the chance to be your own boss, cited by 63 percent of all buyers.
- Small business ownership tends to run in the family. More than one-third (39%) of sellers have a parent or grandparent who owned a small business; 16 percent have both a parent and grandparent business owner in their family tree.
- According to the survey respondents, nearly half of business owners (49%) plan to sell their small businesses in the next five years.
- What’s driving all of this desire to sell? Based on the large concentration of sellers in their 50s and 60s, it’s no surprise that retirement is the most common reason for planning an exit.
Buyers
- Most prospective buyers are currently employed full-time (64%), with small slices of the community retired (8%), out of work and actively seeking work (8%), self-employed (6%), employed part-time (5%), and out of work and not seeking a job (3%).
- Another common thread across many of today’s prospective buyers: they aren’t strangers to the small business life – almost half (46%) have owned a business before.
- Today’s prospective buyers are looking to make a move quickly, with 45 percent planning to purchase a small business in less than a year.
- Across the board, buyers express an interest in owning established or independently owned businesses, more so than new or existing franchises.
- 26% New Franchise
- 35% Existing Franchise
- 93% Established/Independently Owned Business
- Top Businesses Buyers desire by Sector:
- Restaurants 26%
- Retail 23%
- Internet Business 21%
- Manufacturing 20%
- Bars or Taverns 19%
To read the entire report click here.
source: bizbuysell.com
Read MoreSMALL BUSINESS PERSONAL GOODWILL: WHO OWNS IT?
Personal Goodwill has always been a fascinating subject, impacting the sale of many small to medium-sized businesses – and possibly even larger companies. How is personal goodwill developed? An individual starts a business and, during the process, builds one or more of the following:
• A positive personal reputation
• A personal relationship with many of the largest customers and/or suppliers
• Company products, publications, etc., as the sole author, designer, or inventor
The creation of personal goodwill occurs far beyond just customers and suppliers. Over the years, personal goodwill has been established through relationships with tax advisors, doctors, dentists, attorneys, and other personal service providers. While these relationships are wonderful benefits, they are, unfortunately, non-transferable. There is an old saying: In businesses built around personal goodwill, the goodwill goes home at night.
It can be difficult to sell a business, regardless of size, where personal goodwill plays an integral role in the business’ success. The larger the business, the less likely that one person holds the key to its profitability. In small to medium-sized businesses, personal goodwill can be a crucial ingredient. A buyer certainly has to consider it when considering whether to buy such a business.
In the case of the sale of a medical, accounting, or legal practice, existing clients/patients may visit a new owner of the same practice; they are used to coming to that location, they have an immediate problem, or they have some other practical reason for staying with the same practice. However, if existing clients or patients don’t like the new owner, or they don’t feel that their needs were handled the way the old owner cared for them, they may look for a new provider. The new owner might be as competent as, or more competent than, his predecessor, but chemistry, or the lack of it, can supersede competency in the eyes of a customer.
Businesses centered on the goodwill of the owner can certainly be sold, but usually the buyer will want some protection in case business is lost with the departure of the seller. One simple method requires the seller to stay for a sufficient period after the sale to allow him or her to work with the new owner and slowly transfer the goodwill. No doubt, some goodwill will be lost, but that expectation should be built into the price.
Another approach uses some form of “earnout.” At the end of the year, the lost business that can be attributed to the goodwill of the seller is tallied. A percentage is then subtracted from monies owed to the seller, or funds from the down payment are placed in escrow, and adjustments are made from that source.
Who owns the goodwill in your business…. you or the company? From a buyers perspective your business will have more value the more the company owns the goodwill vs. the owner of the business.
Read MoreValue Builder Sellability Tracker Q1 2016 update
The team at Valuebuilder.com recently analyzed the latest data from users of The Value Builder System™ and the findings present an interesting snapshot of the current value of privately held businesses. Below are some of the highlights:
The Business Liquidity Index (BLI) has dropped to its lowest point on record
Each quarter, we measure the proportion of business owners that received an offer to buy their business and express the proportion as an index, 100 being the average. The BLI slipped from 90.9 to 81.8 for the quarter ending March 31, 2016, showing that, compared to the previous quarter, a smaller proportion of business owners had received an offer to buy their business.
Average offer multiple slipped to 3.55 times pre-tax profit
Moving in lockstep with the BLI, the average offer the users of The Value Builder System received in the last quarter dropped from 3.64 times the pre-tax profit in Q4 of 2015 to 3.55 in Q1, 2016. When we isolate larger companies with at least ten million in annual revenue, the average offer multiple goes up to more than 5 times pre-tax profit. The BLI and average offer multiple usually move in the same direction, since very active markets tend to drive up offer multiples and when less offers are made, multiples go down.
Our latest analysis includes data from more than 20,000 users of The Value Builder System from around the world. Of the business owners surveyed, 96% had revenue (annual turnover) of less than $20,000,000, while 4% had revenue in excess of $20,000,000. Findings are considered statistically accurate +/-0.81%, 19 times out of 20.
The latest data shows a slight softening trend in the market for privately held businesses. Therefore, if you’re planning to sell your business in the next few quarters, we recommend you do everything possible to maximize its value, focusing on the eight factors business buyers care about most.
Three Major Negotiation Methods When Selling Your Business
Basically, there are three major negotiation methods when selling your business.
1. Take it or leave it. A buyer makes an offer or a seller makes a counter-offer – both sides can let the “chips fall where they may.”
2. Split the difference. The buyer and seller, one or the other, or both, decide to split the difference between what the buyer is willing to offer and what the seller is willing to accept. A real oversimplification, but often used.
3. This for that. Both buyer and seller have to find out what is important to each. So many of these important areas are non-monetary and involve personal things such as allowing the owner’s son to continue employment with the firm. The buyer may want to move the business.
There is an old adage that advises, “Never negotiate your own deal!”
The first thing both sides have to decide on is who will represent them. Will they have their attorney, their intermediary or will they go it alone? Intermediaries are a good choice for a seller. They have done it before, are good advocates for their side and they understand the company and the seller.
How do the parties get together in a win-win negotiation? The first step is for both sides to work with their advisors to settle on the price and deal structure positions. Both sides should be able to present their side of these issues. Which is more important – price or terms, or non-monetary items?
Information is vital to a buyer. Buyers should keep in mind that the seller knows more about the business than he or she does. Both buyer and seller need to anticipate what is important to the other and keep that in mind when discussing the deal. Buyer and seller should do due diligence on each other. Both buyer and seller must be able to walk away from a deal that is just not going to work.
Bob Woolf, the famous sports agent said in his book, Friendly Persuasion: My Life as a Negotiator, “I never think of negotiating against anyone. I work with people to come to an agreement. Deals are put together.”
Read MoreRed Flags When Selling Your Business
Unlike that poetic title of an old-time standard song, Red Sails in the Sunset, red flags are not a pretty sight. They can cause a deal to crater. Sellers have to learn to recognize situations indicating there might be a problem in their attempt to sell their business. Very, very seldom does a white knight in shining armor riding a white horse gallop up, write a large check and take over the business – no questions asked. And, if he did, it probably should raise the red flag – because that only happens in fairy tales. Now, if the check clears – then fairy tales can come true.
Sellers need to step back and examine every element of the transaction to make sure something isn’t happening that might sink the deal. For example, if a company appears interested in your business, and you can’t get through to the CEO, President, or, even the CFO, there most likely is a problem. Perhaps the interest level is not what you have been led to believe. A seller does not want to waste time on buyers that really aren’t buyers. In the example cited, the red flag should certainly be raised.
A red flag should be raised if an individual buyer shows a great deal of interest in the company, but has no experience in acquisitions and has no prior experience in the same industry. Even if this buyer appears very interested, the chances are that as the deal progresses, he or she will be tentative, cautious and will probably have a problem overcoming any of the business’s shortcomings. Retaining an intermediary generally eliminates this problem, since every buyer is screened and only those that are really qualified are even introduced to the business.
Both of the above examples are early-stage red flags. Sellers have to be focused so they don’t waste their time on buyers that are undesirable. If a buyer appears to be weak, does not have a good reason to need the deal, or is otherwise unqualified, the red flag should be raised because the chances of a successful transaction are diminished. The seller might seriously consider moving on to other prospects.
Red flags do not necessarily mean the end of the deal or that it should be aborted immediately. It simply means that the seller should pay close attention to what is happening. Sellers should keep their antenna up during the entire transaction. Problems can develop right up to closing. Here is an example of a middle-stage red flag: The seller has received a term sheet from a prospective buyer and is then denied access to the buyer’s financial statements in order to verify their ability to make the acquisition. As a reminder, a term sheet is a written range of value for the purchase price plus an indication of how the transaction would be structured. It is normally prepared by the would-be purchaser and presented to the seller and is non-binding. A buyer who is not willing to divulge financial information about his or her company, or, himself, in the case of an individual, may have something to hide. Due diligence on the buyer is equally as important as due diligence on the business.
If a proposed deal has entered the final stages, it doesn’t mean that there won’t be any red flags, or any additional ones, if there have been some along the way. If there have been several red flags, perhaps the transaction shouldn’t have gone on any further. It is these latter stages where the red flags become more serious. However, at this point, it makes sense to try to work through them since problems or issues early-on apparently have been resolved.
One red flag at this juncture might be an apparent loss of momentum. This might mean a problem at the buyer’s end. Don’t let it linger. As mentioned earlier, at this juncture all stops should be pulled out to try to overcome any problems. If a seller, or a buyer, for that matter, suspects a problem, there might very well be one. Ignoring it will not rectify the situation. When a red flag is recognized, it is best that it be confronted head-on. It is only by acting proactively that red flags in the deal can become red sails in the sunset – a harbinger of smooth sailing ahead.
Copyright: Business Brokerage Press, Inc.
Read MoreCommon Questions When Selling Your Business
How long does it take to sell my business?
It generally takes, on average, between five to eight months to sell most businesses. Keep in mind that an average is just that. Some businesses will take longer to sell, while others will sell in a shorter period of time. The sooner you have all the information needed to begin the marketing process, the shorter the time period should be. It is also important that the business be priced properly right from the start. Some sellers, operating under the premise that they can always come down in price, overprice their business. This theory often backfires, because buyers often will refuse to look at an overpriced business. It has been shown that the amount of the down payment may be the key ingredient to a quick sale. The lower the down payment (generally 20-40 percent of the asking price), the shorter the time to a successful sale. A reasonable down payment also tells a potential buyer that the seller has confidence in the business’s ability to make the payments.
What Happens When There is a Buyer for My Business?
When a buyer is sufficiently interested in your business, he or she will, or should, submit an offer in writing. This offer or proposal may have one or more contingencies. Usually, they concern a detailed review of your financial records and may also include a review of your lease arrangements, franchise agreement (if there is one) or other pertinent details of the business. You may accept the terms of the offer or you may make a counter-proposal. You should understand, however, that if you do not accept the buyer’s proposal, the buyer can withdraw it at any time.
At first review, you may not be pleased with a particular offer; however, it is important to look at it carefully. It may be lacking in some areas, but it might also have some positives to seriously consider. There is an old adage that says, “The first offer is generally the best one the seller will receive.” This does not mean that you should accept the first, or any offer — just that all offers should be looked at carefully.
When you and the buyer are in agreement, both of you should work to satisfy and remove the contingencies in the offer. Think of the deal as a tennis match… the buyer and seller should always be looking to “get the ball back over the net” to keep things moving along. Remember Time and Surprises are what usually kill deals. It is important that you cooperate fully in this process. You don’t want the buyer to think that you are hiding anything. The buyer may, at this point, bring in outside advisors to help them review the information. When all the conditions have been met, final papers will be drawn and signed. Once the closing has been completed, money will be distributed and the new owner will take possession of the business.
What Can I Do To Help Sell My Business?
A buyer will want up-to-date financial information. If you use accountants, you can work with them on making current information available. If you are using an attorney, make sure he or she is familiar with the business closing process and the laws of your particular state. You might also ask if their schedule will allow them to participate in the closing on very short notice. If you and the buyer want to close the sale quickly, usually within a few weeks (unless there is an alcohol license or other license involved that might delay things), you don’t want to wait until the attorney can make the time to prepare the documents or attend the closing. Time is of the essence in any business sale transaction. The failure to close on schedule permits the buyer to reconsider or make changes in the original proposal.
What Can Business Brokers Do – And, What Can’t They Do?
As Business brokers, we are the professionals who will facilitate the successful sale of your business. It is important that you understand just what a professional business broker can do — as well as what they can’t. They can help you decide how to price your business and how to structure the sale so it makes sense for everyone — you and the buyer. They can find the right buyer for your business, work with you and the buyer in negotiating, and work with you both every step of the way until the transaction is successfully closed. They can also help the buyer in all the details of the business buying process.
A business broker is not, however, a magician who can sell an overpriced business. Most businesses are saleable if priced and structured properly. You should understand that only the marketplace can determine what a business will sell for. The amount of the down payment you are willing to accept, along with the terms of the seller financing, can greatly influence not only the ultimate selling price, but also the success of the sale itself.
Read MoreYou-proofing Your Business to Build Value
Making your business less dependent on you has a number of benefits: you can scale your company more quickly if you’re not acting as a bottleneck; you get more time to enjoy life outside of your business; and a business less dependent on its owner is much more valuable to an acquirer. You-proofing your business will help you to build value in the eyes of an acquirer.
Pulling yourself out of the day-to-day operations of your business is easier said than done. Here are three specific strategies for getting your company to run without you.
- Think Like LEGO
Pre-school children can make a collection of generic looking pieces come together in a complex creation by following the detailed instruction booklet that comes with every box of LEGO. Your employees need LEGO-like instructions to execute the recurring tasks in your business without your input.
Ian Schoen is the co-founder of Two Tree International, a design and manufacturing firm that brings products directly from concept to customer. The company was started in 2008 with a $50,000 loan and had grown to sales of over $4 million and a staff of 15 employees when it was sold in 2015. Schoen credits his operating manual for allowing him to sell his business for a significant premium: “We started creating standard operating procedures in the business and had a set of documents that helped us run the business. Basically we could plug anyone into any position and have them understand it.” If you are looking for some guidance on how to “systemize” your business you can also check out “Work The System” and download a free e-book.
- Imagine Hosting Your Own AMA
Everyone from the President to Madonna to Bill Gates has participated in an “Ask Me Anything” (AMA) forum where participants are encouraged to ask the featured guest anything that is on their mind.
Now imagine you invited your customers to an AMA. What questions would they ask you? What zingers would your most skeptical customers pose? These are the questions you need to document your responses to in a Frequently Asked Questions document that your employees can leverage in your absence.
- Shine the Media Spotlight on Your Team
It’s tempting to take the call from a local reporter who wants to interview you about your company, but consider inviting an employee to take the interview instead.
Stephan Spencer founded Netconcepts in 1995 and grew it into a multinational Search Engine Optimization (SEO) agency before selling it to Covario in 2010. His first attempt to sell his business in the late 1990s failed because potential acquirers viewed Netconcepts to be too dependent on Spencer himself: “My personal name and my company name were too intermingled. If I didn’t go with the business, nobody was going to buy it.”
Spencer set out to reduce his company’s reliance on him personally and one of his strategies was to position his employees as SEO experts: “I encouraged key staff, various executives and top consultants within the company to speak and write articles, and I introduced them to the editors I knew.”
It can be tempting to run your company as your own personal fiefdom but the sooner you get it running without you, the faster it can scale into something irresistible to an acquirer.
Read MorePIERCING THE CORPORATE VEIL: WHEN YOUR LLC OR CORPORATION DOESNOT PROTECT YOU FROM PERSONAL LIABILITY
One of the main reasons business owners form corporations and limited liability companies (LLCs) is to avoid personal liability for debts and liabilities of their business. Generally, business owners are protected from the debts and liabilities of their corporation or LLC because these entities are considered separate and distinct from those who own them (owners of an LLC are referred to as members, and owners of a corporation are shareholders). Despite this, in some circumstances courts will “pierce the corporate veil” and hold an LLC or corporation’s members/shareholders personally liable for the debts and liabilities of the business. This is the most frequently litigated matter in corporate law.
1. WHEN WILL THE COURTS “PIERCE THE CORPORATE VEIL”?
“Piercing the corporate veil” is a common-law doctrine and rests in case law precedent. While there is no bight-line rule, “piercing” is generally available when business owners (a) unreasonably commingle their personal funds with business funds, (b) fail to follow corporate formalities, and (c) otherwise treat the LLC/corporation as their alter ego instead of a distinct legal entity. Many courts have stressed that when an entity is undercapitalized this is also an important factor to consider, although it may not by itself justify “piercing the corporate veil.”
a. Unreasonable Commingling
Business owners must keep their personal assets and funds separate from those belonging to the business. The most common example of commingling funds is when an owner deposits business funds into his or her personal account, and vice versa. Neither should business owners pay personal bills and expenses with a corporate check or credit card, nor pay business expenses with a personal check or credit card. Furthermore, any loans an owner makes to the business should be documented by a promissory note or similar instrument, and member/shareholder meeting minutes approving of the terms of the loan should be memorialized. What constitutes “unreasonable” commingling is determined on a case-by-cases basis, using case law precedent to draw similarities to the case at hand.
b. Failure to Follow Corporate Formalities
Most business owners regularly neglect maintaining proper records and fail to follow corporate formalities. For example, shareholders and directors must hold regular meetings to maintain a separate and distinct identity of the company. State statutes require corporations to notice, hold, and properly document at least an annual meeting of shareholders and to approve fundamental changes and large transactions involving borrowing, compensation, and purchasing. These meeting minutes should be memorialized by the secretary and stored in a corporate binder. It is also necessary to maintain normal accounting records and financial statements for the business.
c. Alter-Ego
A court may also “pierce the corporate veil” when a unity of ownership and interest exists between the business and its controlling owner. This happens when the business ceases to exist as a separate entity and is the “alter ego” of the controlling owner, and when recognizing the owner and business as separate and distinct would result in fraud or injustice. The existence of the following facts would support the “alter ego” theory: (a) commingling personal and corporate funds and other assets, (b) issuing stock/membership interests without authority, (c) undercapitalization, (d) misrepresentations of ownership, assets, and financial interests, (e) avoiding creditors by transferring assets to owners.
d. Undercapitalization
When a corporation or LLC is formed, the members/shareholders make capital contributions to the business in the form of services, money, assets, or a combination thereof. Adequately capitalizing the new business is essential, and owners should capitalize the business to the extent necessary to cover reasonably anticipated liabilities given the nature and magnitude of the business, as well as the normal operating costs and expenses of the business. Undercapitalization is generally determined when the business is formed, so a later infusion of capital is not enough to negate personal liability to the owners.
2. BEWARE OF SINGLE-MEMBER LLCS
In 1996 the IRS enacted “check the box” regulations, allowing non-corporate entities (such as LLCs) to be taxed as partnerships. However, an LLC with one member cannot be a partnership, so the IRS declared that a single-member LLC (SMLLC) does not exist for federal income tax purposes (this is also referred to as a “disregarded entity”). Although SMLLCs may have tax advantages and are easier to maintain, it is much easier to “pierce” the veil of a SMLLC. To avoid the “piercing of the veil” issue, many corporate attorneys advise their clients to do two things: (i) create sufficient legal documentation (including a single-member operating agreement and Board of Manager resolutions, etc.) to reflect that the single-member LLC is indeed a separate entity and has been treated as such; and
(ii) if there is significant liability exposure, issue a small equity interest (e.g., 2%) to a close relative. Issuing a small equity interest will create a multiple-member LLC — in which case it will not be a “disregarded entity” for tax purposes.
Content provided by Law Offices of Tyler Q. Dahl. If you have any questions or concerns regarding these matters, please do not hesitate to contact the Law Offices of Tyler Q. Dahl at (916) 565-7455.
Disclaimer: This material was prepared for general informational purposes only, and is not intended to create an attorney-client relationship and does not constitute legal advice. This material should not be used as a substitute for obtaining legal advice from an attorney licensed or authorized to practice in your jurisdiction. You should always consult a qualified attorney regarding any specific legal problem or matter.
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